PRESSURE AND IT'S MEASUREMENT.

 FLUID MECHANICS CLASS.

TOPIC: PRESSURE AND IT'S MEASUREMENT.

Definition: Pressure is the force that acts per unit area of a surface. It is measured in Newton per metre and has other units such as: Pascal(Pa), bar, atmosphere, mmHg.

The relationship between these different units and how they can be converted from one unit to another is contained in the video tutorial.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRESSURE AND HEIGHT

The relationship between pressure and height is given by P=Ɣh.

where P = Absolute Pressure (in N/m² or Pa)

           Ɣ = Specific Weight (in N/m³) and 

           h = Height or Pressure Head (in metre)

The derivation and use of this formula has been included in the tutorial video.

TYPES OF PRESSURE.

There are five basic types of pressure which includes:

(i) Atmospheric Pressure (ii) Standard Atmospheric Pressure (iii) Guage Pressure (iv) Vacuum Pressure (v)Absolute Pressure.

(i) Atmospheric Pressure: also called barometric pressure is simply the pressure of the atmosphere on the surface of the earth. It is measured using a barometre.

(ii) Standard Atmospheric Pressure: This is the atmospheric pressure at sea level i.e above the absolute zero.

(iii) Guage Pressure: It is a type of pressure measured using a pressure measuring instrument eg a Piezometre.

(iv) Vacuum Pressure: also called suction pressure. It is a type of pressure measured below the atmospheric pressure, it is usually accompanied by a negative sign.

(v) Absolute Pressure: It is a type of pressure measured above the absolute zero of pressure.

             The mathematical relationship between the different types of pressure is given by:

         (i) Absolute Pressure = Atmospheric Pressure + Guage Pressure.

         (ii) Vacuum Pressure = Atmospheric Pressure - Absolute Pressure.

more details  with solved examples are contained in the tutorial video.

Watch full tutorial video on Pressure and Pressure measurement below:

 

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